In recent years, as global climate change intensifies and ESG investment concepts gain prominence, climate risk has become a crucial factor for investors and financial markets. Investigating how climate risk is priced in the Chinese capital market is both theoretically and practically important for promoting the sustainable development of China's capital markets and advancing green finance. This study employs natural language processing (NLP) to quantify the proportion of climate risk-related content in the annual reports of listed companies, creating an indicator to assess their climate risk level. The study uses climate risk of listed companies as the explanatory variable and annual stock returns as the dependent variable, applying a fixed-effects model to empirically examine the impact of climate risk on investment returns. The study finds that: first, the climate risk of listed companies shows a clear trend of change over time; second, there is a significant positive correlation between the climate risk of listed companies and investment returns.

We propose a theoretical model that underlines the implications of a non-linear Phillips curve for the difficulty of monetary policy to fight against inflationary tensions similar to those encountered in 2021 and 2022 at a worldwide level, due to the resumption of demand after the COVID crisis and to the war in Ukraine. In such non-linearities, the interest rate becomes an asymmetric and convex function of an inflationary supply shock variation. In the case of inflationary tensions, the nominal interest rate can then strongly increase above its long-term equilibrium value. Economic recession is exacerbated, whereas inflationary tensions are more accentuated. Then, the risk is a more than proportional increase in public expenditure to compensate for the decrease in private consumption, which could not be achieved without a strong growth in the public indebtedness level.

The gender characteristics of initial wage levels in the labour market were investigated using data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), and gender differences in the individual retirement accounts wealth of urban employees were studied on this basis. The results indicate that for female employees, the individual retirement accounts wealth they obtained through longer life expectancy is largely offset by their low level of income and short contribution period, and the net pension wealth of female employees who retire at statutory retirement age is even lower than that of male employees. Due to the inheritability of account balances, extending the retirement age will increase the individual retirement account net pension wealth of all employees, and each year of extension will bring more net pension wealth increase to male employees.

This study examines the impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, which began on February 24, 2022, on natural gas prices and supply security in major global markets. Six months after the conflict's onset, natural gas prices surged by an average of 78.65% across international markets. Notably, prices in the European Union, Russia, the United Kingdom, Japan, and South Korea saw substantial increases, while price hikes in China, the United States, and Australia were comparatively smaller. Despite these price fluctuations, the security of natural gas supply in key international markets remained largely unaffected. Using the Differences-in-Differences (DID) method, the study analyzed the conflict's impact on supply security, employing a mediation effects model to examine the roles of supply, demand, and price. The findings reveal that the conflict significantly reduced natural gas supply security, with negative effects on both supply and demand, although price changes did not mediate this reduction in supply security. Furthermore, the regional impact on supply security was minimal, likely due to the high integration of the global natural gas market. Overall, the Russia-Ukraine conflict notably influenced natural gas supply security by affecting supply and demand factors.

Forty-five UK universities were approached, drawn from 21 universities whose client technology/knowledge-transfer firms perform consistently well (category 1 universities), and 24 universities whose client technology/knowledge-transfer firms perform consistently poorly (category 2). Contact was established with staff in the Technology Transfer Office (TTO) or similar department, resulting in 72 persons identified as either “leading” TTO staff or “operational” TTO staff. These individuals were subject to semi-structured interviews around a 10-point questionnaire to arrive at consensus opinions. Results indicate that independently of whether the university is regarded as “entrepreneurial” or not, the TTOs of category 1 universities are more ambidextrous than those of category 2 universities.

The fast-paced evolution of the business world today requires business players to work diligently to maintain their competitive advantage. To enhance a company's competitive edge, strategic business planning is essential. A well-developed business strategy allows a company to achieve the best market position, improve sales performance, and define approaches to gain a competitive advantage. CV Cita Nasional, a company located in Indonesia that manufactures a pasteurized milk, faces business strategy issues, including declining revenue. This study aims to analyze the internal factors using value chain analysis and external factors using PESTEL Analysis, followed by the formulation of business strategies through SWOT Analysis, and the establishment of strategic priorities using QSPM. Data for this research were collected through interviews and questionnaires, with participation from stakeholders including the plan manager, production and quality control managers, administrative and personnel manager, finance and treasury manager, production and quality control supervisors, production process supervisor, and purchasing and warehouse supervisor. The internal factor analysis using value chain analysis revealed 29 strengths and 7 weaknesses, while the external factor analysis using PESTEL identified 11 opportunities and 8 threats. The strategy formulation using the SWOT matrix resulted in 7 alternative strategies, including 2 SO strategies, 2 WO strategies, 2 ST strategies, and 1 WT strategy. The QSPM method was used to prioritize strategies, with Strategy 1 ("Maintaining the stability of current product prices and improving product quality") achieving the highest value.