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Articles ( Showing 1-20 of 26 items)
Searched for: [ Keywords: "Solo self-employment" ] clear all
Journal Article
Does ‘Being Your Own Boss’ raise your chance of becoming someone else’s Boss?
by Lixin Cai
Abstract
Self-employment is often associated with entrepreneurship and regarded as a driver of innovation, job creation and economic growth. As such, many countries have policies to promote and support self-employment. One mechanism for self-employment to drive job growth is for sole traders to become an employer through hiring employees. However, there are few studies that investigate [...] Read more
Hit Affiliation:
Future of Employment and Skills Research Centre, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

Journal Article
Effect of Entrepreneurship Development on Employment Generation in Nigeria: A Case Study of Nasarawa State
by Attahgani Angyu Gambo , Michael Akpan , David Ogwuche  and  Richard Umeokwobi
Abstract
The paper examines how the growth of entrepreneurship affects the generation of employment opportunities in Nasarawa State. Even though entrepreneurship is crucial for generating employment, there are still obstacles in the way of its growth. These include limited support from governmental and non-governmental organizations, difficulty obtaining financing and microcredit, prope [...] Read more

Journal Article
The Impact of COVID-19 on Women’s Employment: Evidence from China
by Dong Zhou , Langchuan Peng  and  Shouer Chen
Abstract
This paper investigates the impacts of COVID-19 on women’s employment and gender disparity with a longitudinal dataset spanning the pandemic. We exploit the regional intensities of social vulnerability and temporal variation to implement the difference-in-differences (DID) estimation. The results indicate that the pandemic and its associated lockdowns generate a significa [...] Read more

Journal Article
The dynamics of traditions and women’s employment: Evidence from a developing country
by Safdar Ullah Khan , Arthur H. Goldsmith  and  Gulasekaran Rajaguru
Abstract
The workforce participation rate, and hence the level of employment, for women in Pakistan is among the lowest in South Asia – standing at 25 percent in 2023. Conventional explanations attribute this to poor skills and cultural norms of families and society at large. Empirical work has established that low levels of education, and community attitudes regarding gender role [...] Read more

Journal Article
Family Rules, Employment, Fertility and Women’s Empowerment: Evidence from a Developing Country
by Safdar Ullah Khan , Arthur H. Goldsmith , Gulasekaran Rajaguru  and  Ahmad M Khalid
Abstract
This research investigates the determinants of women's empowerment within households in a developing country. The investigation specifically focuses on the impact of employment and fertility, considering constraints imposed by family rules that play a pivotal role in shaping women's empowerment. The theoretical framework outlined in this study posits a simplistic model demonstr [...] Read more

Journal Article
Performance Comparison of Poverty Alleviation through Education, Employment and Industry during the Period of Targeted Poverty Alleviation
by Fateh Saci
Abstract
Based on the income poverty level differences and multi-dimensional poverty perspective in China, this paper compares the performance of education poverty alleviation, employment poverty alleviation, and industry poverty alleviation. The hypothesis was tested by quantile regression and ordered probit model. The results show that: in the short term, the effect of poverty allevia [...] Read more

Letter
Government deficit and “The World’s smallest macroeconomic model” by Paul Krugman
by Yasuhito Tanaka
Abstract
In his "The World’s smallest macroeconomic model” (Krugman (1999)), Paul Krugman argued that under the assumption of price rigidity, a shortage of money supply leads to underemployment or recession, so increasing money supply can eliminate underemployment and restore full employment. But, how do we increase the money supply? I will show that we need a government def [...] Read more

Journal Article
Testing the Oswald hypothesis with Australian census data 2001-2016
by Megha Raut  and  W. Robert J. Alexander
Abstract
The Oswald hypothesis is that home ownership reduces mobility and through that channel results in poorer labor market outcomes. There has been only limited previous evidence on the Australian case. Here we use data from the first four Australian censuses of the twenty-first century, aggregated at the smallest geographical areas for which statistics are released. We propose test [...] Read more

Journal Article
Gains and Pains of Teleworking: Importance of Female Leadership
by Xue Ning  and  Yixiu Yu
Abstract
The COVID-19 crisis has led to an unprecedented surge in teleworking. Teleworking during the COVID-19 pandemic has brought both benefits and costs. Yet, its impact on business resilience remains underexplored. This study examines the impacts of teleworking on business resilience from two perspectives: business continuity and employee furlough. Furthermore, we highlight the role [...] Read more

Journal Article
An overlapping generations version of Krugman’s world’s smallest macroeconomic model and fiscal deficit
by Yasuhito Tanaka
Abstract
This paper attempts to introduce an overlapping generations structure into Paul Krugman's "The world's smallest macroeconomic model" (Krugman (1999)) to examine the implications of fiscal policy, particularly fiscal deficits, in a framework suitable for policy analysis. In that paper, Krugman argued that under the price rigidity assumption, a shortage in the money supply leads [...] Read more

Journal Article
Labour Market Flexibility and Long-Run Growth in Developed Economies
by Raffaella Belloni , W. Robert J. Alexander  and  Sajid Anwar
Abstract
We examine the relationship between labour market flexibility, as measured by employment protection legislation (EPL), and long-term economic growth in developed economies from 1995 to 2022. We consider conflicting viewpoints on whether rigid labour market regulations hinder or promote economic growth. Employing a cross-country regression model, controlling for factors includin [...] Read more

Journal Article
A Comprehensive Framework for Understanding the Influence of Macroeconomic Factors on Crowdfunding and Directions for Future Research
by Nico Wille
Abstract
Crowdfunding has become an established method of entrepreneurial finance. Despite the growing body of literature in this field, limited research has investigated the impact of macroeconomic variables on crowdfunding activity. This study provides a theoretical framework, developed through an extensive review of the existing literature, to examine the relationship between macroec [...] Read more

Journal Article
The roles of m6A RNA methylation modification in cancer stem cells: new opportunities for cancer suppression
by Haitao Chen , Huilong Li , Wanjin Shi , Hai Qin  and  Lufeng Zheng
Abstract
As a reversible post-transcriptional modification, N6-methyladeno sine is the most common form of RNA modification in eukaryotic mRNA. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are a subpopulation of cells with self-renewal ability and differentiation potential, have been regarded to be one of the roots of tumor occurrence, recurrence, and metastasis. Currently, numerous studies have dem [...] Read more

Journal Article
The budget deficit in an endogenous growth model with bequest and money holdings
by Yasuhito Tanaka
Abstract
By an endogenous growth model with a two-period overlapping generations structure, I examine the existence of a budget deficit in an economy that endogenously grows by investments of firms. The consumers leave bequests to their descendants and hold money as a part of their savings. I use a Barro-type utility function, where people include the utility of their children in their [...] Read more

Letter
Money holding and budget deficit in a growing economy with consumers living forever
by Yasuhito Tanaka
Abstract
I examine the problem of budget deficit in a growing economy in which consumers hold money as a part of their savings in the case where consumers live forever. For simplicity and tractability I use a discrete time dynamic model and Lagrange multiplier method. In the appendix I briefly explain the solution using a discrete time version of the Hamiltonian method. I will show the [...] Read more

Journal Article
Financial Exclusion of the Smallest Economies in the World
by Anders Lundvig Hansen  and  Luís Lima Santos
Abstract
North Korea's extreme financial exclusion severely hinders economic growth, perpetuating poverty and inequality. This study examines financial exclusion in the country, shaped by its isolationist policies, international sanctions, and a rudimentary financial system. Through a literature review and mixed-method analysis, incorporating data from the World Bank, IMF, academic sour [...] Read more

Journal Article
Research Progress on the Relationship Between Mitochondrial Deoxyguanosine Kinase and Apoptosis and Autophagy in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells
by Chao Liu , Qin Qin  and  Hongliang Cong
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85% of all lung cancers, and lung adenocarcinoma is the most common NSCLC. Most patients with lung cancer eventually lead to local and metastatic recurrence, including many patients who have completely removed the primary tumor during surgery and have no noticeable m [...] Read more

Journal Article
Budget deficit and money holding when consumers live forever in an endogenous growth model
by Yasuhito Tanaka
Abstract
In this paper I will show that budget deficit (or fiscal deficit) is necessary to achieve full employment under constant prices or inflation, using a model of endogenous growth in which consumers hold money for the reason of liquidity and live forever. Budget deficit need not be offset by future budget surpluses. I consider the continuous time case by taking the limit of the di [...] Read more

Journal Article
Don’t worry about the debt-GDP Ratio
by Yasuhito Tanaka
Abstract
I will show that if the propensity to consume from savings satisfies appropriate conditions, the debt-GDP ratio will not grow infinitely large and fiscal collapse will not occur. Using a basic macroeconomic model, with an overlapping generations model in mind, we show the following results: 1) The budget deficit including interest payments on the government bonds equals an incr [...] Read more

Journal Article
The role of economic development in improvements of Cambodian housing conditions
by Florian Gerth  and  Karol S. Sikora
Abstract
In the past, investing in housing has served as an engine of growth for many economies as it is widely recognized that poor housing conditions can have significant negative impacts on human health, education, and economic opportunities. To assess the housing-related quality of life, indicators such as housing quality, housing environment, and cost burdens can be applied. Howeve [...] Read more