Understanding how academia and industry operate and relate to each other is core to improving the efficiency of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Reason why, this paper focuses on whether university prestige has a homogeneous effect on university entrepreneurship. Specifically, whether the relationship between academic prestige and entrepreneurship varies according to the nature of the firm, digital or not, or according to the size of the entrepreneurial partner. To answer this question, this paper uses a negative binomial regression model with panel data with respect to the number of intellectual property (IP) licences granted by the university, using mainly data from the Higher Education Statistics Agency. The results suggest that although university prestige affects the number of IP licences granted, its effect ceases to be significant when the nature of the licences is digital. Moreover, we cannot claim that the influence of prestige is greater when the licencee is a small company.
Soler, I. P.; López-Delgado, P. Academic prestige and entrepreneurship: Differences and similarities in UK universities. Journal of Information Economics, 2024, 2, 30. https://doi.org/10.58567/jie02020004
AMA Style
Soler I P, López-Delgado P. Academic prestige and entrepreneurship: Differences and similarities in UK universities. Journal of Information Economics; 2024, 2(2):30. https://doi.org/10.58567/jie02020004
Chicago/Turabian Style
Soler, Ismael P.; López-Delgado, Pilar 2024. "Academic prestige and entrepreneurship: Differences and similarities in UK universities" Journal of Information Economics 2, no.2:30. https://doi.org/10.58567/jie02020004
APA style
Soler, I. P., & López-Delgado, P. (2024). Academic prestige and entrepreneurship: Differences and similarities in UK universities. Journal of Information Economics, 2(2), 30. https://doi.org/10.58567/jie02020004
Article Metrics
Article Access Statistics
References
Abreu, M. & Grinevich, V. (2013). The Nature of Academic Entrepreneurship In The UK: Widening The Focus On Entrepreneurial Activities. Research Policy, 42(2), 408–422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.10.005
Abreu, M. & Grinevich, V. (2024). The Entrepreneurial University: Strategies, Processes, And Competing Goals. Journal Of Technology Transfer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-024-10085-7
Abreu, M., Grinevich, V., Hughes, A. & Kitson, M. (2009). Knowledge Exchange Between Academics and The Business, Public And Third Sectors. UK-Innovation Research Centre (UK-IRC). https://www.jbs.cam.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/cbr-specialreport-knowledgeexchangeacademics.pdf
Acs, Z. J., Audretsch, D. B. & Lehmann, E. E. (2013). The Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 41, 757–774. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-013-9505-9
Acs, Z. J., Autio, E. & Szerb, L. (2014). National Systems of Entrepreneurship: Measurement Issues and Policy Implications. Research Policy, 43(3), 476–494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2013.08.016
Agrawal, A. (2006). Engaging The Inventor: Exploring Licensing Strategies for University Inventions and The Role of Latent Knowledge. Strategic Management Journal, 27, 63–79. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.508
Ahmed, M. A., Khattak, M. S. & Anwar, M. (2022). Personality Traits and Entrepreneurial Intention: The Mediating Role of Risk Aversion. Journal Of Public Affairs, 22(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2275
Antonizzi, J. & Smuts, H. (2020). The Characteristics of Digital Entrepreneurship and Digital Transformation: A Systematic Literature Review. In: Hattingh, M., Matthee, M., Smuts, H., Pappas, I. O., Dwivedi, Y. K. & Mäntymäki, M. (Eds.) Responsible Design, Implementation and Use of Information and Communication Technology. 19th Ifip Wg 6.11 Conference On E-Business, E-Services, And E-Society, I3e 2020 Skukuza, South Africa, April 6–8, 2020 Proceedings, Part I. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.
Argue, A. J. & Velema, T. A. (2022). University Prestige, Cultural Distance of The Place of Education, And Wage Differences Between High-Skilled Us Immigrants with Foreign and Domestic Credentials. Research In Social Stratification And Mobility, 77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2021.100650
Bercovitz, J. E. L. & Feldman, M. P. (2007). Fishing Upstream: Firm Innovation Strategy and University Research Alliances. Research Policy, 36(7), 930–948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2007.03.002
Berger, E. S. C., Von Briel, F., Davidsson, P. & Kuckertz, A. (2021). Digital Or Not –The Future Of Entrepreneurship And Innovation. Journal Of Business Research, 125, 436–442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.12.020
Bergman, E. M. & Schubert, U. (2005). Spillovers And Innovation, Environment and Space: Policy Uncertainties and Research Opportunities. In: Maier, G. & Sedlacek, S. (Eds.) Spillovers and Innovations. Interdisciplinary Studies in Economics and Management, 4. Viena: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-211-27175-9_9
Birchall, D. W. (2007). The Impact of Academics in Start-Ups Emerging from Universities. Conference of the Portland-International-Center-For-Management-Of-Engineering-And-Technolo Gy (Picmet 2007), Aug 05-09 2007 Portland, Or. 1315–1321. https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.2007.4349453
Bordón, P. & Braga, B. (2020). Employer Learning, Statistical Discrimination and University Prestige. Economics Of Education Review, 77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2020.101995
Brinckmann, J. & Hoegl, M. (2011). Effects Of Initial Teamwork Capability and Initial Relational Capability On The Development Of New Technology-Based Firms. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 5, 37–57. https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.106
Caldera, A. & Debande, O. (2010). Performance Of Spanish Universities In Technology Transfer: An Empirical Analysis. Research Policy, 39(9), 1160-1173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2010.05.016
Cameron, A., C & Trivedi, M. (2005). Microeconometrics. Methods And Applications, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511811241
Cameron, A., C & Trivedi, M. (2013). Regression Analysis of Count Data, New York, Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139013567
Capsada-Munsech, Q. & Boliver, V. (2021). The Early Labour-Market Returns to Upper Secondary Qualifications Track in England. Longitudinal And Life Course Studies, 12(3), 299–322. https://doi.org/10.1332/175795921x16119468619598
Cattaneo, M., Meoli, M. & Vismara, S. (2015). Cross-Border M&As of Biotech Firms Affiliated with Internationalized Universities. Journal Of Technology Transfer, 40, 409–433. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-014-9349-8
Charles, D., Kitagawa, F. & Uyarra, E. (2014). Universities In Crisis? — New Challenges and Strategies in Two English City-Regions. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 7, 327–348. https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rst029
Chepurenko, A., Kristalova, M. & Wyrwich, M. (2019). Historical And Institutional Determinants of Universities’ Role in Fostering Entrepreneurship. Foresight And Sti Governance, 13(4), 48–59. https://doi.org/10.17323/2500-2597.2019.4.48.59
Coccia, M. (2019). Why Do Nations Produce Science Advances and New Technology? Technology In Society, 59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2019.03.007
Compagnucci, L. & Spigarelli, F. (2020). The Third Mission of The University: A Systematic Literature Review on Potentials And Constraints. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120284
Cowan, R. & Rossello, G. (2018). Emergent Structures in Faculty Hiring Networks, And The Effects Of Mobility On Academic Performance. Scientometrics, 117, 527–562. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-018-2858-8
Cunningham, J. A. & Link, A. N. (2014). Fostering University-Industry R&D Collaborations In European Union Countries. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 11, 849–860. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-014-0317-4
D’Amico, L., Boffa, D. & Prencipe, A. (2022). University Technology Transfer and The Contribution of University Spin-Offs in Stimulating The Socio-Economic Development Of Regions. Advances In Management and Applied Economics, 12(5), 19–33. https://doi.org/10.47260/amae/1252
D’Este, P. & Patel, P. (2007). University–Industry Linkages In The Uk: What Are the Factors Underlying The Variety Of Interactions With Industry? Research Policy, 36(9), 1295–1313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2007.05.002
Daniel, A. D. & Alves, L. (2020). University-Industry Technology Transfer: The Commercialization of University's Patents. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 18(3), 276–296. https://doi.org/10.1080/14778238.2019.1638741
De Fátima Pires Da Cruz, M., Ferreira, J. J. & Kraus, S. (2021). Entrepreneurial Orientation at Higher Education Institutions: State-Of-The-Art and Future Directions. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100502
Del-Castillo-Feito, C., Blanco-González, A. & González-Vázquez, E. (2019). The Relationship Between Image And Reputation In The Spanish Public University. European Research On Management And Business Economics, 25(2), 87–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2019.01.001
Di Gregorio, D. & Shane, S. (2003). Why Do Some Universities Generate More Start-Ups Than Others? Research Policy, 32(2), 209–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(02)00097-5
Estrada-Real, A. C. & Cantu-Ortiz, F. J. (2022). A Data Analytics Approach for University Competitiveness: The Qs World University Rankings. International Journal Of Interactive Design And Manufacturing, 16, 871–891. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12008-022-00966-2
Etzkowitz, H. (2001). The Second Academic Revolution and The Rise of Entrepreneurial Science. Ieee Technology And Society Magazine, 20(2), 18–29. https://doi.org/10.1109/44.948843
Etzkowitz, H. (2004). The Evolution of The Entrepreneurial University. International Journal of Technology And Globalisation, 1(1), 64–77. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTG.2004.004551
Etzkowitz, H. (2016). The Entrepreneurial University: Vision And Metrics. Industry And Higher Education, 30(3), 83–97. https://doi.org/10.5367/ihe.2016.0303
Etzkowitz, H., Webster, A., Gebhardt, C. & Terra, B. R. C. (2000). The Future of The University And The University Of The Future: Evolution Of Ivory Tower To Entrepreneurial Paradigm. Research Policy, 29(2), 313–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00069-4
Ferriani, S., Garnsey, E. & Lorenzoni, G. (2012). Continuity And Change In A Spin-Off Venture: The Process Of Reimprinting. Industrial And Corporate Change, 21(4), 1011–1048. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dts001
Fini, R., Fu, K., Mathisen, M. T., Rasmussen, E. & Wright, M. (2017). Institutional Determinants of University Spin-Off Quantity And Quality: A Longitudinal, Multilevel, Cross-Country Study. Small Business Economics, 48, 361–391. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-016-9779-9
Fischer, B. B., Moraes, G. H. S. M. D. & Schaeffer, P. R. (2019). Universities' Institutional Settings And Academic Entrepreneurship: Notes From A Developing Country. Technological Forecasting And Social Change, 147, 243–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.07.009
Fontana, R., Geuna, A. & Matt, M. (2006). Factors Affecting University–Industry R&D Projects: The Importance of Searching, Screening And Signalling. Research Policy, 35(2), 309–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.12.001
Fuster, E., Padilla-Meléndez, A., Lockett, N. & Del-Águila-Obra, A. R. (2019). The Emerging Role of University Spin-Off Companies In Developing Regional Entrepreneurial University Ecosystems: The Case Of Andalusia. Technological Forecasting And Social Change, 141, 219–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.10.020
Garcez, A., Franco, M. & Silva, R. (2023). The Soft Skills Bases In Digital Academic Entrepreneurship In Relation To Digital Transformation. Innovation And Management Review, 20(4), 393–408. https://doi.org/10.1108/INMR-07-2021-0135
Garcez, A., Silva, R. & Franco, M. (2022). Digital Transformation Shaping Structural Pillars For Academic Entrepreneurship: A Framework Proposal And Research Agenda. Education And Information Technologies, 27, 1159–1182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10638-5
Giuri, P., Munari, F., Scandura, A. & Toschi, L. (2019). The Strategic Orientation of Universities in Knowledge Transfer Activities. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 138, 261–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.09.030
Grandi, A. & Grimaldi, R. (2003). Exploring The Networking Characteristics of New Venture Founding Teams: A Stdy Of Italian Academic Spin-Off. Small Business Economics, 21, 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026171206062
Guenther, J. & Wagner, K. (2008). Getting Out of The Ivory Tower – New Perspectives on The Entrepreneurial University. European Journal Of International Management, 2(4), 400–417. https://doi.org/10.1504/EJIM.2008.021245
Guercini, S. & Milanesi, M. (2019). Newness And Heritage in Business Networks: Case Analysis Of University Spin-Offs. Industrial Marketing Management, 80, 139–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2017.12.013
Guerrero, M., Cunningham, J. A. & Urbano, D. (2015). Economic Impact of Entrepreneurial Universities’ Activities: An Exploratory Study Of The United Kingdom. Research Policy, 44, 748–764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2014.10.008
Guerrero, M., Heaton, S. & Urbano, D. (2021). Building Universities’ Intrapreneurial Capabilities in The Digital Era: The Role And Impacts Of Massive Open Online Courses (Moocs). Technovation, 99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2020.102139
Guerrero, M., Urbano, D., Cunningham, J. A. & Gajón, E. (2018). Determinants Of Graduates' Start-Ups Creation Across A Multi-Campus Entrepreneurial University: The Case Of Monterrey Institute Of Technology And Higher Education. Journal Of Small Business Management, 56, 150–178. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12366
Guerrero, M., Urbano, D., Fayolle, A., Klofsten, M. & Mian, S. (2016). Entrepreneurial Universities: Emerging Models In The New Social And Economic Landscape. Small Business Economics, 47, 551–563. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-016-9755-4
Hall, B. H., Link, A. N. & Scott, J. T. (2001). Barriers Inhibiting Industry From Partnering With Universities: Evidence From The Advanced Technology Program. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 26, 87–98. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007888312792
Hemsley-Brown, J. (2012). ‘The Best Education In The World’: Reality, Repetition Or Cliché? International Students' Reasons For Choosing An English University. Studies In Higher Education, 37, 1005–1022. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2011.562286
Hemsley-Brown, J., Melewar, T. C., Nguyen, B. & Wilson, E. J. (2016). Exploring Brand Identity, Meaning, Image, And Reputation (Bimir) In Higher Education: A Special Section. Journal Of Business Research, 69(8), 3019–3022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.01.016
Hilbe, J., M (2014). Modeling Count Data, Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139236065
Hull, C. E., Hung, Y. T. C., Hair, N., Perotti, V. & Demartino, R. (2007). Taking Advantage of Digital Opportunities: A Typology Of Digital Entrepreneurship. International Journal of Networking And Virtual Organisations, 4(3), 290–303. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJNVO.2007.015166
Jang, Y., Hadley, B. & Lee, W. J. (2019). Inward Technology Licensing, Financial Slack, And Internal Innovation in New Technology-Based Firms Located In Isolated Areas. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics And Business, 6(2), 173–181. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2019.vol6.no2.173
Kaminski, J., Hopp, C. & Tykvová, T. (2019). New Technology Assessment In Entrepreneurial Financing – Does Crowdfunding Predict Venture Capital Investments? Technological Forecasting And Social Change, 139, 287–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.11.015
Kirby, D. A. (2006). Creating Entrepreneurial Universities In The Uk: Applying Entrepreneurship Theory To Practice. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 31, 599-603.
Kirby, D. A., Guerrero, M. & Urbano, D. (2011). Making Universities More Entrepreneurial: Development of A Model. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne Des Sciences De L'administration, 28, 302–316. https://doi.org/10.1002/cjas.220
Kleiner-Schaefer, T. & Schaefer, K. J. (2022). Barriers To University–Industry Collaboration In An Emerging Market: Firm-Level Evidence From Turkey. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 47, 872–905. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-022-09919-z
Klofsten, M., Fayolle, A., Guerrero, M., Mian, S., Urbano, D. & Wright, M. (2019). The Entrepreneurial University As Driver For Economic Growth And Social Change - Key Strategic Challenges. Technological Forecasting And Social Change, 141, 149–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.12.004
Kuratko, D. F. & Morris, M. H. (2024). Cross Campus Entrepreneurship: Transforming The Modern University. Journal Of Technology Transfer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-024-10077-7
Maassen, P. (2017). The University's Governance Paradox. Higher Education Quarterly, 71, 290–298. https://doi.org/10.1111/hequ.12125
Malerba, F. & Mckelvey, M. (2020). Knowledge-Intensive Innovative Entrepreneurship Integrating Schumpeter, Evolutionary Economics, And Innovation Systems. Small Business Economics, 54, 503–522. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-0060-2
Markman, G. D., Phan, P. H., Balkin, D. B. & Gianiodis, P. T. (2005). Entrepreneurship And University-Based Technology Transfer. Journal Of Business Venturing, 20(2), 241–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2003.12.003
Mihut, G. (2021). Does University Prestige Lead To Discrimination In The Labor Market? Evidence From A Labor Market Field Experiment In Three Countries. Studies In Higher Education, 47(6), 1227–1242. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2020.1870949
Montoro‐Sánchez, A., Ortiz‐De‐Urbina‐Criado, M. & Mora‐Valentín, E. M. (2011). Effects Of Knowledge Spillovers On Innovation And Collaboration In Science And Technology Parks. Journal Of Knowledge Management, 15(6), 948–970. https://doi.org/10.1108/13673271111179307
Moog, P. & Soost, C. (2022). Does Team Diversity Really Matter? The Connection Between Networks, Access To Financial Resources, And Performance In The Context Of University Spin-Offs. Small Business Economics, 58, 322–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-020-00412-1
Morgan, A. C., Economou, D. J., Way, S. F. & Clauset, A. (2018). Prestige Drives Epistemic Inequality In The Diffusion Of Scientific Ideas. Epj Data Science, 7. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-018-0166-4
Muscio, A. & Ramaciotti, L. (2019). How Does Academia Influence Ph.D. Entrepreneurship? New Insights on The Entrepreneurial University. Technovation, 82–83, 16–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2019.02.003
Nambisan, S. (2017). Digital Entrepreneurship: Toward A Digital Technology Perspective of Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 41(6), 1029–1055. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12254
Nambisan, S., Lyytinen, K., Majchrzak, A. & Song, M. (2017). Digital Innovation Management: Reinventing Innovation Management Research in A Digital World. Mis Quarterly, 41(1), 223–238. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26629644
Nambisan, S., Wright, M. & Feldman, M. (2019). The Digital Transformation of Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Progress, Challenges And Key Themes. Research Policy, 48(8). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2019.03.018
Nurunnabi, M. & Abdelhadi, A. 2019. Student Satisfaction in The Russell Group and Non-Russell Group Universities In UK. Data Brief, 22, 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.11.124
O'shea, R. P., Allen, T. J., Chevalier, A. & Roche, F. (2005). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Technology Transfer And Spinoff Performance Of U.S. Universities. Research Policy, 34(7), 994–1009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.05.011
Pacheco, A. I. G., Ferreira, J., Simoes, J., Veiga, P. M. & Dabic, M. (2024). Mechanisms For Facilitating Academic Entrepreneurship in Higher Education. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 30(6), 1448–1479. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0333
Pattnaik, S., Mmbaga, N., White, T. D. & Reger, R. K. (2024). To Entrepreneur or Not To Entrepreneur? How Identity Discrepancies Influence Enthusiasm for Academic Entrepreneurship. Journal Of Technology Transfer, 49, 1444–1470. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-023-09994-w
Perkmann, M., Tartari, V., Mckelvey, M., Autio, E., Broström, A., D’Este, P., Fini, R., Geuna, A., Grimaldi, R., Hughes, A., Krabel, S., Kitson, M., Llerena, P., Lissoni, F., Salter, A. & Sobrero, M. (2013). Academic Engagement And Commercialisation: A Review Of The Literature On University–Industry Relations. Research Policy, 42(2), 423–442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.09.007
Plewa, C., Ho, J., Conduit, J. & Karpen, I. O. (2016). Reputation In Higher Education: A Fuzzy Set Analysis of Resource Configurations. Journal Of Business Research, 69(8), 3087–3095. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.01.024
Plewa, C., Korff, N., Johnson, C., Macpherson, G., Baaken, T. & Rampersad, G. C. (2013). The Evolution Of University–Industry Linkages—A Framework. Journal Of Engineering and Technology Management, 30(1), 21–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2012.11.005
Ponomariov, B. L. (2008). Effects Of University Characteristics on Scientists' Interactions with The Private Sector: An Exploratory Assessment. Journal Of Technology Transfer, 33, 485–503. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-007-9047-x
Powers, J. B. & McDougall, P. P. (2005). University Start-Up Formation and Technology Licensing with Firms That Go Public: A Resource-Based View of Academic Entrepreneurship. Journal Of Business Venturing, 20(3), 291–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2003.12.008
Rippa, P. & Secundo, G. (2019). Digital Academic Entrepreneurship: The Potential of Digital Technologies On Academic Entrepreneurship. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146, 900–911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.07.013
Riviezzo, A., Santos, S. C., Liñán, F., Napolitano, M. R. & Fusco, F. (2019). European Universities Seeking Entrepreneurial Paths: The Moderating Effect of Contextual Variables on The Entrepreneurial Orientation-Performance Relationship. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 141, 232–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.10.011
Roncancio-Marin, J., Dentchev, N., Guerrero, M., Díaz-González, A. & Crispeels, T. (2022). University-Industry Joint Undertakings with High Societal Impact: A Micro-Processes Approach. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121223
Shane, S. & Stuart, T. (2002). Organizational Endowments and The Performance of University Start-Ups. Management Science, 48(1), 154–170. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.48.1.154.14280
Siegel, D. S. & Wright, M. (2015). Academic Entrepreneurship: Time For a Rethink? British Journal of Management, 26, 582–595. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12116
Sine, W. D., Shane, S. & Gregorio, D. D. (2003). The Halo Effect and Technology Licensing: The Influence of Institutional Prestige on The Licensing of University Inventions. Management Science, 49(4), 478–496. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.49.4.478.14416
Smeby, J.-C. & Try, S. (2005). Departmental Contexts and Faculty Research Activity in Norway. Research In Higher Education, 46, 593–619. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-004-4136-2
Smith, K. E., Schuhmann, P. W. & Spencer, F. J. (2021). Law Firms' Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Attributes of Law School Graduates: Results From A Choice Experiment. Education Economics, 29, 424–442. https://doi.org/10.1080/09645292.2021.1906207
Soheili, F., Khasseh, A. A., Mokhtari, H. & Sadeghi, M. (2022). Factors Affecting the Number of Citations: A Mixed Method Study. Journal Of Scientometric Research, 11, 1–14. https://dx.doi.org/10.5530/jscires.11.1.1
Sorenson, O., Assenova, V., Li, G. C., Boada, J. & Fleming, L. 2016. Expand Innovation Finance Via Crowdfunding. Science, 354(6319), 1526–1528. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf6989
Stankovic, J. & Aspray, W. (2003). Recruitment And Retention of Faculty in Computer Science and Engineering, Washington, Dc, Computing Research Association. https://archive.cra.org/reports/r&rfaculty.pdf
Stuart, T. E., Ozdemir, S. Z. & Ding, W. W. (2007). Vertical Alliance Networks: The Case Of University–Biotechnology–Pharmaceutical Alliance Chains. Research Policy, 36(4), 477–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2007.02.016
Sussan, F. & Acs, Z. J. (2017). The Digital Entrepreneurial Ecosystem. Small Business Economics, 49, 55–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-017-9867-5
Topaler, B. & Ayvaz-Cavdaroglu, N. (2022). Understanding The Relationship Between University Characteristics and Prestige. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 30(6), 1508–1522. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-05-2020-2166
Van Looy, B., Landoni, P., Callaert, J., Van Pottelsberghe, B., Sapsalis, E. & Debackere, K. (2011). Entrepreneurial Effectiveness Of European Universities: An Empirical Assessment Of Antecedents And Trade-Offs. Research Policy, 40(4), 553–564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.02.001
Vorbach, S., Poandl, E. & Korajman, I. (2019). Digital Entrepreneurship Education - The Role of Moocs. International Journal Of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP), 9(3). https://doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v9i3.10149
Weingart, P. (2005). Impact Of Bibliometrics Upon the Science System: Inadvertent Consequences? Scientometrics 62, 117–131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-005-0007-7
Wonglimpiyarat, J. (2016). Government Policies Towards Israel's High-Tech Powerhouse. Technovation, 52–53, 18–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2016.02.001