Open Access Review

The Dual Roles of S-Nitrosylation of Proteins in Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Recent Advancements

by Yi Wu a,1 ,  Yanqi Li a,1 ,  Tong Wu a  and  Hongmei Yang a,* orcid
a
The Public Experimental Center, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
CI  2024, 37; 3(2), 37; https://doi.org/10.58567/ci03020005
Received: 1 January 2024 / Accepted: 27 February 2024 / Published Online: 1 March 2024
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Abstract

Protein S-nitrosylation (SNO), emerging as an important posttranslational modification, involves covalent addition of nitric oxide (NO) to the sulfur atom of cysteine in proteins. Accumulated evidence suggests that protein SNO plays crucial roles in pathophysiological mechanisms in cancer, which is attracting great attention. However, there are still controversies about whether S-nitrosylated proteins act as oncogenic proteins or tumor suppressors in cancer. In this review, we provide an overview of the early and latest evidence regarding the underlying mechanism and dual roles of SNO in cancer, in an effort to clarify its contribution in tumor progression. It has been well established that S-nitrosylated proteins restrain tumor progression in several types of cancer, while they have exhibited activities in promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis in some other kinds of cancer. Interestingly, emerging evidence also has highlighted both its anti-cancer and pro-tumorigenic roles in several other cancer diseases. Finally, current limitations and future research prospects are presented. The overview of targeting SNO in cancer will provide new opportunities for drug development through in-depth exploration of SNO-mediated signaling pathways.

Keywords: Protein S-nitrosylation; Cancer; Restraining tumor; Inhibiting apoptosis; Signaling pathway;
Copyright: © 2024 by Wu, Li, Wu and Yang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

Funding

the Science and Technology Development Planning Project of Jilin Province (No. 20220508086RC, No. 20230203157SF)

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ACS Style
Wu, Y.; Li, Y.; Wu, T.; Yang, H. The Dual Roles of S-Nitrosylation of Proteins in Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Recent Advancements. Cancer Insight, 2024, 3, 37. https://doi.org/10.58567/ci03020005
AMA Style
Wu Y, Li Y, Wu T, Yang H. The Dual Roles of S-Nitrosylation of Proteins in Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Recent Advancements. Cancer Insight; 2024, 3(2):37. https://doi.org/10.58567/ci03020005
Chicago/Turabian Style
Wu, Yi; Li, Yanqi; Wu, Tong; Yang, Hongmei 2024. "The Dual Roles of S-Nitrosylation of Proteins in Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Recent Advancements" Cancer Insight 3, no.2:37. https://doi.org/10.58567/ci03020005
APA style
Wu, Y., Li, Y., Wu, T., & Yang, H. (2024). The Dual Roles of S-Nitrosylation of Proteins in Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Recent Advancements. Cancer Insight, 3(2), 37. https://doi.org/10.58567/ci03020005

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